Umdwebo wesimiso sokusebenza we-piston air compressor oboniswe kuMfanekiso 1

I-1 - i-valve yokukhipha 2 - isilinda 3 - i-piston 4 - i-piston rod

Umfanekiso 1

Umfanekiso 1

5 – isilayidi 6 – induku yokuxhuma 7 – crank 8 – ivalvu yokumunca

9 - i-valve spring

Lapho i-piston ephindaphindayo kuyi-cylinder iya kwesokudla, ingcindezi egunjini lesokunxele lepiston kusilinda iphansi kune-atmospheric pressure PA, i-valve yokumunca iyavulwa, futhi umoya wangaphandle udonswe kusilinda.Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi inqubo yokucindezela.Lapho ingcindezi kusilinda iphakeme kunokucindezela P epayipini lomoya eliphumayo, i-valve yokukhipha iyavuleka.Umoya ocindezelwe uthunyelwa epayipini lokudlulisa igesi.Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi yi-exhaust process.Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kwepiston kwakhiwe indlela yesilayidi se-crank eshayelwa injini.Ukunyakaza okujikelezayo kwe-crank kuguqulwa kube ukuslayida - ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kwepiston.

I-compressor enalesi sakhiwo ihlale inevolumu esele ekupheleni kwenqubo yokukhipha umoya.Ekudonseni okulandelayo, umoya ocindezelwe kuvolumu esele uzokhula, ukuze kuncishiswe inani lomoya ophefumulayo, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle nokwandisa umsebenzi wokucindezela.Ngenxa yokuba khona kwevolumu esele, izinga lokushisa likhuphuka kakhulu lapho isilinganiso sokucindezela sikhuphuka.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukucindezela kokuphumayo kuphezulu, ukucindezela okuhleliwe kuzokwamukelwa.Ukucindezelwa okuhleliwe kunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lokukhipha umoya, konga umsebenzi wokucindezelwa, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwe-volumetric futhi kukhuphule ivolumu yokukhipha igesi ecindezelwe.

Umfanekiso we-1 ubonisa i-compressor yomoya ye-piston yesiteji esisodwa, evame ukusetshenziselwa i-0 3 - 0.7 MPa ingcindezi ububanzi uhlelo.Uma ingcindezi ye-compressor ye-piston yesiteji esisodwa idlula u-0 6Mpa, izinkomba zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene zizokwehla kakhulu, ngakho ukucindezela kwesiteji esiningi kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ingcindezi yokuphumayo.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya, ukupholisa okuphakathi kuyadingeka.Emishinini ye-piston air compressor enezinyathelo ezimbili zokucindezelwa, ingcindezi yomoya ikhuphuka isuka ku-P1 iye ku-P2 ngemva kokudlula kusilinda esinengcindezi ephansi, futhi izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka lisuka ku-TL liye ku-T2;Khona-ke igeleza ku-intercooler, ikhulula ukushisa emanzini okupholisa ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqhubekayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lehla ku-TL;Bese icindezelwa ingcindezi edingekayo P 3 ngokusebenzisa isilinda somfutho ophezulu.Amazinga okushisa omoya i-TL kanye ne-T2 angena kusilinda sokucindezela okuphansi kanye nesilinda sokucindezela okuphezulu atholakala ku-isotherm efanayo engu-12 ′ 3 ', futhi izinqubo ezimbili zokucindezela i-12 no-2 ′ 3 ziphambuka ku-isotherm engekude.Inqubo yokucindezela yesiteji esisodwa yesilinganiso esifanayo sokucindezela p 3 / P 1 yi-123 ", ekude kakhulu ne-isotherm engu-12 '3' kunokucindezela kwezigaba ezimbili, okungukuthi, izinga lokushisa liphakeme kakhulu.Umsebenzi wokusetshenziswa kokucindezela kwesiteji esisodwa ulingana nendawo engu-613 ″ 46, umsebenzi wokusetshenziswa kokucindezela kwezigaba ezimbili ulingana nesamba sezindawo ezingu-61256 kanye no-52 ′ 345, futhi umsebenzi osindisiwe ulingana no-2 ′ 23 ″ 32 ' .Kungabonakala ukuthi ukucindezela okuhleliwe kunganciphisa izinga lokushisa lokukhipha umoya, konga umsebenzi wokucindezela futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle.

Ama-piston air compressors anezinhlobo eziningi zesakhiwo.Ngokwemodi yokumisa yesilinda, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo olume mpo, uhlobo oluvundlile, uhlobo lwe-angular, uhlobo lwebhalansi elinganayo kanye nohlobo oluphikiswayo.Ngokusho kochungechunge lokucindezelwa, lungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwesiteji esisodwa, uhlobo lwezigaba ezimbili kanye nohlobo lwezigaba eziningi.Ngokwemodi yokusetha, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lweselula kanye nohlobo olungaguquki.Ngokwemodi yokulawula, ingahlukaniswa ngohlobo lokulayisha kanye nohlobo lokushintsha ingcindezi.Phakathi kwazo, imodi yokulawula ukulayishwa isho ukuthi lapho ingcindezi ethangini lokugcina umoya ifinyelela inani elibekiwe, i-compressor yomoya ayiyeki ukusebenza, kodwa yenza umsebenzi ongacindezelwanga ngokuvula i-valve yokuphepha.Lesi simo sokungenzi lutho sibizwa ngokuthi umsebenzi wokukhipha.Imodi yokulawula ukushintsha kokucindezela isho ukuthi lapho ingcindezi ethangini lokugcina umoya ifinyelela inani elibekiwe, i-compressor yomoya izoyeka ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusebenza.